如何將傳感器接入物聯(lián)網(wǎng)

　　傳感器是高度連接的“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵元素，越來越多地被用于“智能城市”和“智能電網(wǎng)”設(shè)計(jì)。最新傳感器的數(shù)字接口，從溫度傳感器從模擬設(shè)備和壓力傳感器，從測量專業(yè)到濕度傳感器，從GE傳感，正在簡化接口的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)，以提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和功能性。

　　物聯(lián)網(wǎng)始于測量。能夠從世界各地的設(shè)備上獲取數(shù)據(jù)，通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接到“大數(shù)據(jù)”信息系統(tǒng)，為控制和優(yōu)化提供了基礎(chǔ)。這是世界智能城市和智能電網(wǎng)發(fā)展的核心所在。

　　在某些情況下連接傳感器到物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是相對簡單的，而在其他情況下需要更多的考慮。CMOS工藝和封裝技術(shù)的改進(jìn)使集成度更高，這樣傳感器就可以為微控制器提供可接受的協(xié)議。然后將數(shù)據(jù)分組為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)，采用IPv6協(xié)議直接連接。臨時(shí)措施分組數(shù)據(jù)用于本地網(wǎng)絡(luò)，然后使用本地網(wǎng)關(guān)將數(shù)據(jù)包的頭到IPv6廣泛接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。

　　The connection from the microcontroller can be handled in a number of ways， from wired Ethernet to power-line links over the existing power cabling. However， the most common approach is to use a wireless transceiver connected to the microcontroller to provide a link back to a central hub and then onto the Internet. While this has been a common approach to date， the emphasis of the Internet of Things is to have more direct access to the sensor node. This allows sensors to be added to a network more easily， rather than be limited by the address space of a hub device. The different architectures have an impact on the choice of the microcontroller. Simple 8-bit devices can be used for direct links to a wired network to a hub， but for handling higher-level protocols such as Ethernet or IPv6， 32-bit processor cores able to handle a protocol stack are required. These are increasingly common and are now adding general-purpose analog-to-digital converters （ADCs）， which can be used to simplify the design of the sensor node.